Watching Vampire Weekend play at the Adobe event
Caesar's Palace, Las Vegas - me at the Money Show
| 7. Finally, and most importantly, encourage criticism and make your entire company a safe place to share information and mistakes. You must make mistakes to take critical, calculated risks. But without listening to, and acknowledging criticism, you can't learn from your mistakes either. Go to my website. or learn more about B2B SaaS sales & marketing here |

Where the missing 15 points of GDP went
Hall put a number on all this. By his calculation, US real GDP in 2015 was about 15 percentage points below where it should have been. The striking part is how he broke it down. Only a sliver is the kind of unemployment that recessions cause and recoveries cure. The rest is structural: slower productivity growth, 6.6 points; depleted capital stock (less business investment and R&D), 5.1; a shrunken labour force, 3.3; excess unemployment, 0.5. Total: 15.4.
Two things stand out. First, the labour-force shrinkage I have been describing is worth 3.3 points of GDP on its own, more than six times the damage done by unemployment. Second, the two biggest items, productivity and capital, are the ones nobody can fix with a stimulus cheque. Output per unit of input has been drifting down for years, and business investment, including spending on intellectual property, has drifted down with it. An economy that invests less and gets less from what it invests will not grow, however low interest rates go.
What would bring people back to work
If 3.3 points of GDP are sitting on the sofa, the policy question is how to get them off it. The usual answers, childcare support, retraining for mid-career workers, apprenticeships for the young, all help at the margin. But they are aimed at people who want to work and cannot. Hall’s data say the bigger loss is among people who could work and choose not to. That calls for different tools: